Thayer-2453

Ιουδαιος, Ιουδαια, Ιουδαιον (Ιουδα), Jewish;

a. joined to nouns, belonging to the Jewish race: ανηρ, Act_10:28; Act_22:3; ανθρωπος, Act_21:39; ψευδοπροφητης, Act_13:6; αρχιερευς, Act_19:14; γυνη, Act_16:1; Act_24:24; γη, Joh_3:22; χωρα, Mar_1:5.

b. without a noun, substantively, Jewish as respects birth, race, religion; a Jew: Joh_4:9; Act_18:2; Act_18:24; Rom_2:23f; plural, Rev_2:9; Rev_3:9; οι Ιουδαιοι, the Jews, the Jewish race: Mat_2:2; Mat_27:11; Mat_27:29; Mar_7:3; Mar_15:2; Joh_2:6; Joh_4:22; Joh_5:1; Joh_18:33, etc.; Ιουδαιοι τε και Ελληνες, Act_14:1; Act_18:4; Act_19:10; 1Co_1:24; Ιουδαιοι τε και προσηλυτοι, Act_2:11; εθνη τε και Ιουδαιοι, Act_14:5; singular, Rom_1:16; Rom_2:9; οι κατα τα εθνη Ιουδαιοι, who live in foreign lands, among the Gentiles, Act_21:21; Ιουδαιοι is used of converts from Judaism, Jewish Christians in Gal_2:13.

[SYNONYMS: Εβραιος, Ιουδαιος, Ισραηλιτης: "restricting ourselves to the employment of these three words in the N. T. we may say that in the first is predominantly noted language; in the second, nationality; in the third (the augustest title of all), theocratic privileges and glorious vocation" (Trench, § xxxix.).]

The apostle John, inasmuch as agreeably to the state of things in his day he looked upon the Jews as a body of men hostile to Christianity, with whom he had come to see that both he and all true Christians had nothing in common as respects religious matters, even in his record of the life of Jesus not only himself makes a distinction between the Jews and Jesus, but ascribes to Jesus and his apostles language in which they distinguish themselves from the Jews, as though the latter sprang from an alien race: Joh_11:8; Joh_13:33. And those who opposed his divine Master and his Master's cause -- especially the rulers, priests, members of the Sanhedrin, Pharisees -- he does not hesitate to style οι Ιουδαιοι, since the hatred of these leaders exhibits the hatred of the whole nation toward Jesus: Joh_1:19; Joh_2:18; Joh_2:20; Joh_5:10; Joh_5:15ff.

Ιουδαισμος, Ιουδαισμου, ο, (Ιουδαιζω), the Jewish faith and worship, the religion of the Jews, Judaism: Gal_1:13ff.